Today, March 27, 2025, the European Space Agency’s Gaia space mission ends its work and goes into a well-deserved retirement. The data collected by the Gaia mission has contributed to a revolution in almost all fields of astronomy, generating thousands of scientific publications.

An international team of astronomers, led by researchers from the Astronomical Observatory of the University of Warsaw, have identified a new class of cosmic X-ray sources.

Gravitational wave detectors, LIGO and Virgo, have detected a population of massive black holes whose origin is one of the biggest mysteries in modern astronomy. According to one hypothesis, these objects may have formed in the very early Universe and may compose dark matter, a mysterious substance filling the Universe. A team of scientists from the OGLE (Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment) survey from the Astronomical Observatory of the University of Warsaw have announced the results of nearly 20-year-long observations indicating that such massive black holes may comprise at most a few percent of dark matter. Another explanation, therefore, is needed for gravitational wave sources. The results of the study were published in two articles, in Nature and the Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series.

Professors Andrzej Udalski from the Astronomical Observatory of the University of Warsaw and Joachim Wambsganss from Centre for Astronomy of Heidelberg University have become the laureates of the prestigious 2024 Copernicus Award, granted by the Foundation for Polish Science (FNP) and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), for their groundbreaking contributions to astrophysics through their collaborative research on gravitational microlensing and the discovery of exoplanets.

Astrophysicists at the H.E.S.S. Observatory in Namibia, in which researchers from the University of Warsaw are involved, have discovered the highest energy gamma rays ever from the Vela pulsar. The project at UW is coordinated by Prof. Tomasz Bulik from the Astronomical Observatory. The results of the research have been published in the journal “Nature Astronomy”.

An international team of astronomers has announced the discovery of an unusual white dwarf star that is made of hydrogen on one side and helium on the other. They reported their findings in the latest issue of Nature. Dr Przemysław Mróz from the Astronomical Observatory is a co-author of the study.

Today marks the beginning of a new era in the history of gravitational wave astronomy. Four groups studying pulsar timing have announced the results of their analysis of pulsar observations spanning the past few decades. Simultaneously, there have been announcements from the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array, European Pulsar Timing Array, NanoGrav in North America, and the Indian Pulsar Timing Array.